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無心磨床的加工問題與注意事項

無心磨(mo)(mo)床(chuang),是不用(yong)選(xuan)用(yong)工(gong)(gong)件的(de)(de)(de)樞軸精準(zhun)定位而開(kai)展(zhan)磨(mo)(mo)削(xue)的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)類數控(kong)磨(mo)(mo)床(chuang),關鍵由磨(mo)(mo)削(xue)沙輪(lun)片(pian)、調節輪(lun)和工(gong)(gong)件支(zhi)撐架三個組織組成,在其中磨(mo)(mo)削(xue)沙輪(lun)片(pian)具體出任磨(mo)(mo)削(xue)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)作中,調節輪(lun)操縱工(gong)(gong)件的(de)(de)(de)轉動,并操縱工(gong)(gong)件的(de)(de)(de)下刀速(su)率(lv),對(dui)于工(gong)(gong)件支(zhi)撐架乃在磨(mo)(mo)削(xue)時(shi)支(zhi)撐點工(gong)(gong)件,這三種零件可有(you)多種相互配合的(de)(de)(de)方式(shi),但(dan)終止碾磨(mo)(mo)以外,基本原(yuan)理上(shang)面同樣。

表面缺點

(1)工件表(biao)面表(biao)面粗(cu)(cu)糙度較弱。①磨(mo)削輪粒(li)(li)度分(fen)布(bu)過粗(cu)(cu)或(huo)修整(zheng)時金剛(gang)鉆走刀(dao)(dao)速(su)(su)率(lv)(lv)過快。拆換(huan)粗(cu)(cu)粒(li)(li)度的(de)磨(mo)削輪,有(you)效挑選(xuan)修整(zheng)速(su)(su)率(lv)(lv)②導輪傾(qing)角很大或(huo)轉(zhuan)速(su)(su)比太高(gao),造(zao)成(cheng)工件圓上速(su)(su)率(lv)(lv)和徑向走刀(dao)(dao)速(su)(su)率(lv)(lv)加速(su)(su)。減(jian)少導輪傾(qing)角并減(jian)少其速(su)(su)率(lv)(lv)。③冷(leng)凍(dong)液不清理(li)或(huo)濃(nong)度值不足時,應拆換(huan)清理(li)并有(you)一定濃(nong)度值的(de)冷(leng)凍(dong)液的(de)冷(leng)凍(dong)液。

(2)工件(jian)表面有燙傷(shang)①磨(mo)削(xue)輪(lun)粒度分布過(guo)細或強(qiang)度太高,應拆換磨(mo)削(xue)輪(lun),采用適合的(de)粒度分布和(he)強(qiang)度②導(dao)輪(lun)轉(zhuan)速比很(hen)(hen)慢及導(dao)輪(lun)傾斜角很(hen)(hen)大(da),必須提升導(dao)輪(lun)轉(zhuan)速比,減少導(dao)輪(lun)歪斜視角。③磨(mo)削(xue)過(guo)多(duo)(duo)或過(guo)小(xiao)。磨(mo)削(xue)量(liang)鐘頭發(fa)生(sheng)燙傷(shang),可提升豎向走刀速率;磨(mo)削(xue)量(liang)大(da)時(shi)發(fa)生(sheng)燙傷(shang),可提升磨(mo)削(xue)頻(pin)次(ci)。④工件(jian)在入(ru)口或出(chu)入(ru)口磨(mo)掉過(guo)多(duo)(duo),造成燙傷(shang)或磨(mo)削(xue)區火(huo)苗集(ji)中化(hua)在某一個點。恰當調節導(dao)輪(lun)架、擴孔鉆和(he)修(xiu)整(zheng)(zheng)器。⑤磨(mo)削(xue)輪(lun)已鈍,強(qiang)度太高,切削(xue)油不(bu)夠或燒注方式(shi)有誤修(xiu)整(zheng)(zheng)磨(mo)削(xue)輪(lun),拆換軟一級的(de)磨(mo)削(xue)輪(lun)而且修(xiu)整(zheng)(zheng)、增加切削(xue)油量(liang)并恰當掌教。

3)工件表面有魚(yu)鱗片(pian)斑及平(ping)行線(xian)乳白色線(xian)框。①磨(mo)削(xue)輪(lun)不(bu)(bu)平(ping)衡或(huo)是(shi)已磨(mo)鈍、磨(mo)削(xue)輪(lun)太硬、粒度(du)分布過細(xi)(xi)或(huo)是(shi)沒(mei)有修整好。細(xi)(xi)心(xin)均衡磨(mo)削(xue)輪(lun),拆換過軟一級(ji)的(de)磨(mo)削(xue)輪(lun)并開展修整等②導輪(lun)轉(zhuan)速(su)比太高。適(shi)度(du)減少(shao)導輪(lun)轉(zhuan)速(su)比。③工件管(guan)理中心(xin)過高,造(zao)成顫動。適(shi)度(du)減少(shao)墊(dian)板高寬比。④墊(dian)板剛度(du)不(bu)(bu)夠。加厚型墊(dian)板并擰緊。

4)工(gong)件(jian)前面(mian)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)切去一塊。流(liu)板(ban)板(ban)突顯(xian)于導輪,把(ba)流(liu)板(ban)板(ban)向后(hou)(hou)釋(shi)放壓力一些。(5)工(gong)件(jian)后(hou)(hou)端開發表(biao)(biao)面(mian)切去一塊。后(hou)(hou)擴(kuo)(kuo)孔鉆突顯(xian)于導輪表(biao)(biao)面(mian),將后(hou)(hou)擴(kuo)(kuo)孔鉆適度(du)的后(hou)(hou)退。(6)工(gong)件(jian)后(hou)(hou)側表(biao)(biao)面(mian)的有三角形創口或細微印痕。后(hou)(hou)擴(kuo)(kuo)孔鉆落伍于導輪表(biao)(biao)面(mian),將后(hou)(hou)擴(kuo)(kuo)孔鉆適度(du)前挪動。(7)工(gong)件(jian)管(guan)理(li)中心過高,適度(du)減少(shao)工(gong)件(jian)管(guan)理(li)中心高寬比。

同心度差值

1、導輪(lun)未修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)圓或(huo)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)中太(tai)久(jiu),已喪失恰(qia)當的幾何圖形樣子,必須修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)整(zheng)圓導輪(lun),修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)好無時(shi)斷時(shi)續(xu)聲可(ke)以2、磨削輪(lun)磨鈍(dun),立即修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)整(zheng)磨削輪(lun)3、工(gong)(gong)(gong)件管理中心高不(bu)善,盡可(ke)能調節4、墊板過(guo)薄或(huo)是(shi)墻頂(ding)傾角過(guo)大時(shi),立即拆換墊板5、工(gong)(gong)(gong)件徑向扭力過(guo)大,使(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件不(bu)可(ke)以勻稱旋轉(zhuan)時(shi),必須減(jian)少導輪(lun)傾斜角6、磨削輪(lun)或(huo)導輪(lun)均(jun)衡不(bu)太(tai)好,應(ying)細心均(jun)衡二輪(lun)并再(zai)次(ci)修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)整(zheng)7、前道工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)過(guo)程(cheng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件有(you)橢圓形、菱圓時(shi),可(ke)降(jiang)低導輪(lun)的橫著切削速度(du),提升(sheng)磨削頻(pin)次(ci)

光潔度

1、流板(ban)板(ban)向導輪(lun)(lun)(lun)方位(wei)歪(wai)斜,造(zao)(zao)成工(gong)件前(qian)側(ce)直徑偏(pian)小,或是后(hou)擴(kuo)孔鉆(zhan)向導輪(lun)(lun)(lun)方位(wei)歪(wai)斜造(zao)(zao)成工(gong)件后(hou)側(ce)直徑偏(pian)小,調節前(qian)后(hou)左右擴(kuo)孔鉆(zhan),使與導輪(lun)(lun)(lun)母線(xian)(xian)槽(cao)平(ping)(ping)行(xing)面,且在同一平(ping)(ping)行(xing)線(xian)(xian)上2、磨(mo)削(xue)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)修整(zheng)(zheng)不準確,自身(shen)有光潔(jie)度(du),依據工(gong)件光潔(jie)度(du)的(de)方位(wei),調節磨(mo)削(xue)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)修整(zheng)(zheng)器的(de)視(shi)角(jiao),重新修磨(mo)削(xue)輪(lun)(lun)(lun) 3、工(gong)件中心(xin)線(xian)(xian)與磨(mo)削(xue)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)和(he)導輪(lun)(lun)(lun)中心(xin)線(xian)(xian)不平(ping)(ping)行(xing)面時,應調節墊(dian)板(ban)前(qian)后(hou)左右的(de)高矮或是修調墊(dian)板(ban) 4、磨(mo)削(xue)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)和(he)導輪(lun)(lun)(lun)的(de)表(biao)面早已損壞時,必須再次修整(zheng)(zheng)磨(mo)削(xue)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)和(he)導輪(lun)(lun)(lun)

圓柱度差值

工件有同(tong)心度差值是由于在磨(mo)削(xue)全過程中(zhong),工件管(guan)理中(zhong)心的具(ju)體軌(gui)跡偏(pian)移基礎理論(lun)軌(gui)跡平行線,工件在平面(mian)內旋轉及(ji)導輪修(xiu)整(zheng)有誤等應更具(ju)有詳細情況開展修(xiu)整(zheng),比如磨(mo)削(xue)輪過軟,損壞不勻(yun)稱,應當提升修(xiu)整(zheng)頻次(ci)或是提升磨(mo)削(xue)頻次(ci)

腰細形或腰鼓形

1.工件造成腰細(xi)形①流板板均偏重于磨(mo)(mo)削(xue)(xue)輪(lun)一側(ce),工件進到(dao)或發布(bu)磨(mo)(mo)削(xue)(xue)地區時(shi)呈歪斜情況(kuang),磨(mo)(mo)削(xue)(xue)輪(lun)端角將工件中間磨(mo)(mo)掉較多。調節前后(hou)左右擴孔鉆至恰當(dang)部位②導輪(lun)修(xiu)(xiu)整(zheng)呈正(zheng)中間凹進狀,進入法(fa)磨(mo)(mo)削(xue)(xue)時(shi)磨(mo)(mo)削(xue)(xue)輪(lun)修(xiu)(xiu)整(zheng)正(zheng)中間凸(tu)起,均造成工件呈腰細(xi)形。恰當(dang)修(xiu)(xiu)調導輪(lun)和磨(mo)(mo)削(xue)(xue)輪(lun),清(qing)除(chu)凸(tu)凹狀況(kuang)

2.工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)造成腰鼓(gu)(gu)形①前(qian)后左右擴(kuo)孔鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)均偏(pian)重于(yu)(yu)導輪(lun),工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)歪(wai)斜(xie)(xie)進到(dao)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)削(xue)(xue)(xue)區(qu),使(shi)前(qian)面(mian)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)掉較(jiao)多;工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)即將(jiang)發(fa)布磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)削(xue)(xue)(xue)區(qu)的(de)時候(hou),使(shi)后端(duan)開(kai)發(fa)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)掉較(jiao)多。需恰(qia)當(dang)調(diao)節前(qian)后左右擴(kuo)孔鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。②前(qian)、后擴(kuo)孔鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)均小于(yu)(yu)導輪(lun)內孔表(biao)(biao)面(mian),工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)進到(dao)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)削(xue)(xue)(xue)區(qu)的(de)時候(hou)。會(hui)被導輪(lun)將(jiang)其前(qian)面(mian)伸出(chu),使(shi)工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)向磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)削(xue)(xue)(xue)輪(lun)歪(wai)斜(xie)(xie);當(dang)工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)撤出(chu)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)削(xue)(xue)(xue)地區(qu)時,也會(hui)使(shi)工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)歪(wai)斜(xie)(xie),尾端(duan)向磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)削(xue)(xue)(xue)輪(lun)翹起(qi)(qi)來,使(shi)工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)兩邊磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)掉較(jiao)多,呈腰鼓(gu)(gu)形。應恰(qia)當(dang)調(diao)修前(qian)、后擴(kuo)孔鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan),使(shi)其不少于(yu)(yu)導輪(lun)內孔表(biao)(biao)面(mian)。③導輪(lun)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)修整成正中間突(tu)起(qi)(qi)或磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)削(xue)(xue)(xue)輪(lun)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)修整成正中間凹進(進入(ru)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)法磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)削(xue)(xue)(xue)),均使(shi)工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)碾成腰鼓(gu)(gu)形。表(biao)(biao)面(mian)修調(diao)二輪(lun),清除(chu)導輪(lun)和磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)削(xue)(xue)(xue)輪(lun)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)的(de)凸凹狀況。

常見問題

1:啟(qi)(qi)(qi)動(dong)前查(cha)驗(yan)機(ji)器(qi)設備(bei)附近情況,機(ji)臺(tai)子上不(bu)(bu)可放置物件,工件放置齊整。2:啟(qi)(qi)(qi)動(dong)前查(cha)驗(yan)泊箱停(ting)車位(wei)是(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)一切(qie)(qie)(qie)正(zheng)(zheng)常(chang),制冷儲水箱水位(wei)線,沙(sha)輪(lun)(lun)片(pian)(pian)及導(dao)輪(lun)(lun)與適用(yong)刀(dao)頭的空隙是(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)一切(qie)(qie)(qie)正(zheng)(zheng)常(chang),是(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)有工作(zuo)中物或是(shi)(shi)臟物在數(shu)(shu)控車床中。3:啟(qi)(qi)(qi)動(dong)前查(cha)驗(yan)電(dian)源開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)關(guan)是(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)靠譜,確定保(bao)護罩安全(quan)防范是(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)合理。4:開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)啟(qi)(qi)(qi)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)關(guan)電(dian)源,運(yun)行液(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)機(ji)電(dian)源開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)關(guan),觀查(cha)數(shu)(shu)控車床液(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)表(biao)的工作(zuo)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力高矮是(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)一切(qie)(qie)(qie)正(zheng)(zheng)常(chang),隨后看各(ge)泊鏡及各(ge)泊管處是(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)有油(you)(you)(you)排過(guo)。5:啟(qi)(qi)(qi)動(dong)前沙(sha)輪(lun)(lun)片(pian)(pian),導(dao)輪(lun)(lun)修整座務(wu)必(bi)(bi)擦洗整潔,泊杯里(li)滿油(you)(you)(you)油(you)(you)(you)。6:啟(qi)(qi)(qi)動(dong)前務(wu)必(bi)(bi)依(yi)安全(quan)操(cao)作(zuo)規程對操(cao)作(zuo)工開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)展學習培訓,使之掌(zhang)握各(ge)項任務(wu)操(cao)作(zuo)步驟。7:所述確定準確無誤后,即(ji)可啟(qi)(qi)(qi)動(dong)。8:開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)啟(qi)(qi)(qi)主開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)關(guan)電(dian)源調到(dao)ON部位(wei)。9:開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)啟(qi)(qi)(qi)液(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)機(ji)電(dian)源開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)關(guan)到(dao)ON部位(wei)。10:查(cha)詢液(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)傳動(dong)系統泊鏡,汽車油(you)(you)(you)表(biao)平穩后,即(ji)可打開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)砂,導(dao)輪(lun)(lun)。11:沙(sha)輪(lun)(lun)片(pian)(pian)、導(dao)輪(lun)(lun)運(yun)行一切(qie)(qie)(qie)正(zheng)(zheng)常(chang)后,再打開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)離心水泵,調節到(dao)適合水流(liu)量。12:調機(ji)試磨(mo)1-3件工件,先檢驗(yan)工件規格(ge),外(wai)型,將調機(ji)品放進調機(ji)盒里(li)。